Economy Of Pakistan Book By Khawaja Amjad Saeed Mp3
Economy Of Pakistan Book By Khawaja Amjad Saeed Al

Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan
Abbreviation	ICAP
Predecessor	Ministry of Commerce
Formation	July 1, 1961; 59 years ago
Legal status	Body corporate established under The Chartered Accountants Ordinance, 1961 that was promulgated by the President of Pakistan
Headquarters	Chartered Accountants Avenue, Clifton, Karachi -75600
Membership	10909 (2020)
English, Urdu
President	IFTIKHAR TAJ
ASHFAQ YOUSUF TOLA
Vice President 2	M. ALI LATIF
Affiliations	International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), South Asian Federation of Accountants (SAFA)
>75,000
Website	www.icap.org.pk

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The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan (Urdu: ادارہَ محاسبانِ منشوری ، پاکستان‎, ICAP) is a professional accountancy body in Pakistan. As of December 2018, it has 9989 members working in and outside Pakistan.^[1] The institute was established on July 1, 1961 to regulate the profession of accountancy in Pakistan. It is a statutory autonomous body established under the Chartered Accountants Ordinance 1961. With the significant growth in the profession, the CA Ordinance and Bye-Laws were revised in 1983.

Economy Of Pakistan Book By Khawaja Amjad Saeed

The course of ICAP involves a blend of theoretical education and practical training (3.5 years) which run for a period of approximately 6 years^{[contradictory]} and equips a student with knowledge, ability, skills and other qualities required of a professional accountant.

Canon printers for mac os x. The head office of the institute is in Clifton, Karachi where it has its own premises. The institute also has regional offices at Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar, Multan, Gujranwala, Sukkur, Quetta, Mirpur, Faisalabad, Abbottabad and Hyderabad.^[2]

History[edit]

1850–1881[edit]

In Indian subcontinent there were a few British firms of accountants, but they were so busy that their services were not available to the general public. Office for mac 2013 torrent. The public companies used to appoint a European auditor for safeguarding the interests of the European shareholders, and an Indian auditor with the objectives of safeguarding the interests of the Indian shareholders. The audit of financial statements were conducted under the Companies Act 1850.^[3]

1882–1913[edit]

Then the Companies Act of 1885 was passed. Regulations 83–94 of Table A contained in the First Schedule provided for the audit of accounts of the companies adopting that table and for the appointment, remuneration and duties of the auditors. In those times, it was not necessary for an auditor to be a qualified accountant OR Companies used to employ lawyers as their auditors.^[3]

1913–1932[edit]

On 1 April 1914, the Companies Act, 1913 was passed and it was necessitated that every auditor of a public limited company must be a certified auditor by the government. The provincial governments were empowered to grant auditors' certificates but, at the same time, the central government also reserved the right to recognise members of certain professional bodies as qualified auditors without obtaining Auditor's Certificate from the government. Consequently, the members of the English, Scottish and Irish Institutes of Chartered Accountants and the English Society of Incorporated Accountants and Auditors were recognised as qualified auditors.

At that time there was no provision of any kind for the training and examination of the accountants. Government of Bombay was the first provincial government to take a constructive step in the direction of organising the profession. In 1918, it instituted the Government Diploma in Accountancy called GDA and made regulations for the examination and training of those who wanted to obtain that Diploma and certificate to practise.

An Accountancy Board was set up by the Government and was attached to the Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics, Bombay. This functioned till 1932. The Board was required to register apprenticeships and conduct the required examinations. The successful candidates were granted the GDA Diploma and they could practise if they had previously received training as apprentices with a practising accountant. The Accountancy Board was also required to advise the Government on all matters relating to accountancy and the Government.^[3]

1932–1947[edit]

In 1932, the Government framed rules under Section 144 of the companies Act, 1913, called Auditors' Certificates Rules, 1932. The objectives of the rules, broadly, were to register apprenticeships, to conduct examinations, and to control and regulate the profession of auditing. The accountancy profession was then being supervised and controlled by the Ministry of Commerce of the Central Government. With a view to helping the Government in discharging the necessary responsibilities in respect of the accountancy profession, Indian Accountancy Board was established. The Board consisted of officials and practising accountants nominated by the Government. Later, in 1939, appointment of a majority of the members on the Board was made on the elective principle. The Board was only an advisory body. The Auditors' Certificates Rules, 1932, required the passing of two examinations – Registered Accountants first and final. It further laid down the tenure of the prescribed training which was required to be completed during the period of apprenticeship. Provisions meant to regulate and control the profession were also contained therein.^[3]

1947–1984[edit]

After independence, Pakistan adopted the Auditors' Certificates Rules 1932 with certain amendments in 1950, and thus the auditing profession was administered under the Auditors' Certificates Rules, 1950. The Rules of 1950 were generally based on the old rules with some amendments incorporated therein. A person who passed the Registered Accountants first and final examinations and who satisfied the Ministry of Commerce, Central Government of Pakistan that he had completed the prescribed practical training could have his name placed on the register maintained by the said Ministry and was entitled to use the designation 'Registered Accountant' (RA). The Companies Act, 1913, as adapted by Pakistan allowed only a Registered Accountant to act as the auditor of a public limited company, although his services could als